鈴木 啓太

OBJECTIVES: To compare the eye axial length (AL), equatorial horizontal diameter (HD), and equatorial vertical diameter (VD) of normal eyes using a novel wide-angle, arc-scanning, ultrasound diagnostic device for wide-angle B-mode echography. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, wide-angle B-mode echography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were conducted on 22 normal eyes; the AL, HD, and VD were measured. RESULTS: The mean ALs were as follows: wide-angle B-mode echography, 25.22±1.47 mm and MRI, 25.24±1.46 mm; a significant correlation was observed between the two measurements (β=0.995 [0.976, 1.013]; p<0.001; 95% R2=1.00). The mean HDs were as follows: wide-angle B-mode echography, 22.33±0.84 mm and MRI, 22.55±0.90 mm; a significant correlation was observed between the two measurements (β=0.902 [0.750, 1.179]; p<0.001; 95% R2=0.81). The mean VDs were as follows: wide-angle B-mode echography, 22.77±0.91 mm; and MRI, 22.88±0.92 mm; a significant correlation was observed between the two measurements (β=0.966 [0.853, 1.097]; p<0.001; 95% R2=0.93). CONCLUSIONS: There were no significant differences in the measurements for each parameter by wide-angle B-mode echography and MRI. Therefore, wide-angle B-mode echography permits accurate visualization of ocular morphology.

Objective: To determine the adherence to the face-down positioning (FDP) in 296 patients who had undergone vitrectomy and gas tamponade. Results: We studied 119 female and 177 male patients who had undergone primary vitrectomy and gas tamponade for a macular hole (MH) or for rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRDs). Adherence was assessed and recorded four times per day for 3 days postsurgery. The mean ± standard deviation adherence rate was 88.3 ± 11.7 (range 50.0-100.0). Female patients (90.8 ± 10.0) had significantly better adherence than male patients (86.7 ± 13.3 P &lt 0.02, U test). The adherence was significantly better after MH surgery (90.8 ± 11.7) than after RRD surgery (87.5 ± 12.5 P &lt 0.02). There were diurnal variations in adherence, being highest in the evening and significantly lower at midnight, and we evidenced a decline in adherence over time, with it being significantly low on the last follow-up day. Adherence to the FDP varied considerably among patients. Adherence was higher in female than in male patients, and higher in patients with MH than in those with RRD. We found patients age had no effect on adherence. Adherence also varied with time, being worst at midnight and declining over time.