研究者業績
基本情報
- 所属
- 国立研究開発法人宇宙航空研究開発機構 宇宙科学研究所 宇宙飛翔工学研究系 教授東京大学 大学院工学系研究科 航空宇宙工学専攻 教授
- 学位
- 博士(工学)(2003年3月 東京大学)
- J-GLOBAL ID
- 200901005218518613
- researchmap会員ID
- 5000069162
- 外部リンク
研究分野
1経歴
5-
2020年1月 - 現在
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2014年7月 - 2019年12月
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2008年8月 - 2009年3月
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2008年3月 - 2008年7月
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2003年4月
学歴
3-
1998年4月 - 2003年3月
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1996年4月 - 1998年3月
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1994年4月 - 1996年3月
主要な受賞
29-
2021年3月
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2020年12月
論文
440-
Science 379(6634) 2022年10月20日The near-Earth carbonaceous asteroid (162173) Ryugu is expected to contain volatile chemical species that could provide information on the origin of Earth’s volatiles. Samples of Ryugu were retrieved by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. We measure noble gas and nitrogen isotopes in Ryugu samples, finding they are dominated by pre-solar and primordial components, incorporated during Solar System formation. Noble gas concentrations are higher than those in Ivuna-type carbonaceous (CI) chondrite meteorites. Several host phases of isotopically distinct nitrogen have heterogeneous abundances between the samples. Our measurements support a close relationship between Ryugu and CI chondrites. Noble gases produced by galactic cosmic rays, indicating ~5 Myr exposure, and from implanted solar wind, record the recent irradiation history of Ryugu after it migrated to its current orbit.
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Geochemical Perspectives Letters 24 1-6 2022年10月
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Science 379(6634) 2022年9月22日Samples of the carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu were brought to Earth by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. We analyzed seventeen Ryugu samples measuring 1-8 mm. CO 2 -bearing water inclusions are present within a pyrrhotite crystal, indicating that Ryugu’s parent asteroid formed in the outer Solar System. The samples contain low abundances of materials that formed at high temperatures, such as chondrules and Ca, Al-rich inclusions. The samples are rich in phyllosilicates and carbonates, which formed by aqueous alteration reactions at low temperature, high pH, and water/rock ratios < 1 (by mass). Less altered fragments contain olivine, pyroxene, amorphous silicates, calcite, and phosphide. Numerical simulations, based on the mineralogical and physical properties of the samples, indicate Ryugu’s parent body formed ~ 2 million years after the beginning of Solar System formation.
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Nature Astronomy 6(10) 1172-1177 2022年9月1日
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2022年8月29日Abstract Chondrule-like objects and Ca-Al-rich inclusions (CAIs) are discovered in the retuned samples from asteroid Ryugu. Three chondrule-like objects, which are 16O-rich and -poor with D17O (= d17O – 0.52 × d18O) values of ~ − 23‰ and ~ − 3‰, are dominated by Mg-rich olivine, resembling what proposed as earlier generations of chondrules. The 16O-rich objects are likely to be melted amoeboid olivine aggregates that escaped from incorporation into 16O-poor chondrule precursor dust. Two CAIs composed of spinel, hibonite, and perovskite are 16O-rich with D17O of ~ − 23‰ and possibly as old as the oldest CAIs. The chondrule-like objects and CAIs (< 30 µm) are as small as those from comets, suggesting radial transport favoring smaller objects from the inner solar nebula to the formation location of the Ryugu original parent body, which is farther from the Sun and scarce in chondrules. The transported objects may have been mostly destroyed during aqueous alteration.
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Nature Astronomy 6(10) 1163-1171 2022年8月15日Abstract Volatile and organic-rich C-type asteroids may have been one of the main sources of Earth’s water. Our best insight into their chemistry is currently provided by carbonaceous chondritic meteorites, but the meteorite record is biased: only the strongest types survive atmospheric entry and are then modified by interaction with the terrestrial environment. Here we present the results of a detailed bulk and microanalytical study of pristine Ryugu particles, brought to Earth by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. Ryugu particles display a close compositional match with the chemically unfractionated, but aqueously altered, CI (Ivuna-type) chondrites, which are widely used as a proxy for the bulk Solar System composition. The sample shows an intricate spatial relationship between aliphatic-rich organics and phyllosilicates and indicates maximum temperatures of ~30 °C during aqueous alteration. We find that heavy hydrogen and nitrogen abundances are consistent with an outer Solar System origin. Ryugu particles are the most uncontaminated and unfractionated extraterrestrial materials studied so far, and provide the best available match to the bulk Solar System composition.
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2022年8月3日Abstract Hayabusa2 spacecraft successfully collected rock samples through two touchdowns from the surface of C-type near-Earth asteroid 162173 Ryugu and brought them back to Earth in 2020. At the Extraterrestrial Sample Curation Center in JAXA, we performed initial description to all samples to obtain the fundamental information and prepare the database for sample allocation. We propose morphological classifications for the returned samples based on the initial description of 205 grains described in the first 6 months. The returned samples can be distinguished by four morphological characteristics: dark, glossy, bright, and white. According to coordinated study of initial description and detailed investigation by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis in this study, these features reflect the differences in the degree of space weathering and mineral assemblages. The degree of space weathering of the four studied grains is heterogeneous: weak for A0042 (dark group) and C0041 (white group); moderate for C0094 (glossy); and severe for A0017 (bright). The white phase in a grain belonging to white group is identified as large carbonate minerals. This is the first effort to classify Ryugu returned samples. Based on these results, researchers can estimate sample characteristics only from the information on the JAXA curation public database. It could be an important reference for sample selection for further investigation.
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Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 514(4) 6173-6182 2022年8月1日
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2022年7月25日Abstract We performed in-situ analysis on a ~1 mm-sized Ryugu grain A0080 returned by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft to investigate the relationship of soluble organic matter (SOM) to minerals. The DESI-HRMS (desorption electrospray ionization-high resolution mass spectrometry) imaging using methanol spray identified more than 200 soluble organic compounds, which were assigned as CHN, CHO, CHO-Na (sodium adducted), and CHNO in molecular composition. Heterogeneous spatial distribution was observed for different compound classes of SOM as well as among the same alkylated homologues on the sample surface. The A0080 sample showed similar mineralogy to that of CI chondrite and contained two different lithologies, which are rich in magnetite, pyrrhotite, and dolomite (lithology 1) and poor in those minerals (lithology 2). CHN compounds were relatively concentrated in lithology 1 than in lithology 2, on the other hand, CHO, CHO-Na, and CHNO compounds were distributed in both lithologies. Such different spatial distribution of SOM is the result of interaction of the SOM with minerals, during precipitation of the SOM via fluid activity, or could be due to difference in transportation efficiencies of SOMs in aqueous fluid. However, organic-related ions measured by ToF-SIMS did not coincide with the spatial distribution revealed by DESI-HRMS imaging, indicating that the ToF-SIMS data would be mainly derived from methanol-insoluble organic matter in A0080. Alkylated homologues of CHN compounds with large C number appeared more abundant in lithology 2 than lithology 1. In contrast, fragments of the Murchison meteorite showed different features to of A0080, implying different formation or growth mechanisms for the alkylated CHN compounds by interaction with fluid and minerals on Murchison parent body and asteroid Ryugu. This difference might be mainly attributed to the carbonate grains, which would have played as a catalyst for CH2 growth of CHN compounds. Future in-situ analysis of CI chondrite will provide more reliable constraints for the history of soluble organic compounds in asteroid Ryugu.
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Icarus 381 2022年7月15日 査読有り
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Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B 98(6) 227-282 2022年6月10日
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Planetary and Space Science 219 105519-105519 2022年6月
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Hayabusa2 Asteroid Sample Return Mission 95-111 2022年4月 査読有り
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Science 375(6584) 1011-1016 2022年3月
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Nature Astronomy 6(2) 221-225 2022年2月
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NATURE ASTRONOMY 6(2) 214-+ 2022年2月
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Hayabusa2 Asteroid Sample Return Mission: Technological Innovation and Advances 5-23 2022年1月1日
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Proceedings of the International Astronautical Congress, IAC 2022-September 2022年
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Meteoritics & Planetary Science 2022年
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Hayabusa2 Asteroid Sample Return Mission: Technological Innovation and Advances 541-556 2022年1月1日
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Hayabusa2 Asteroid Sample Return Mission: Technological Innovation and Advances 1-3 2022年1月1日 筆頭著者責任著者
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Meteoritics & Planetary Science 2022年 査読有り
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日本地球化学会年会要旨集 69 102 2022年2021年6月のリュウグウ粒子の配分後、約1年にわたり8つの研究チーム(初期分析6チームとPhase2キュレーション2チーム)により系統的な分析が行われた。岩石・鉱物組織からみると、リュウグウは主として含水鉱物と有機物から構成され、微細な組織として複雑に共存することがわかった。また主要元素濃度、高精度酸素同位体などのバルク的分析の結果は、リュウグウ粒子は、太陽系の元素組成を代表する始原的なCIコンドライトと良い一致を示した。我々は、独自に開発した大気非曝露ナノ領域試料加工・分析システムを用い、有機物と含水鉱物の入り交ざった試料から物質科学的情報を得た。その結果、(1)含水鉱物集合体に特異的に濃集した脂肪属炭化水素に富む有機物の存在(2)太陽系で最も始原的な化学組成を持つ物質である証拠、そして(3)太陽系外縁部での形成が明らかになった。
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Hayabusa2 Asteroid Sample Return Mission 49-72 2022年 査読有り筆頭著者責任著者
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Springer Aerospace Technology 559-575 2022年
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Hayabusa2 Asteroid Sample Return Mission 415-431 2022年
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Hayabusa2 Asteroid Sample Return Mission 137-175 2022年
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Hayabusa2 Asteroid Sample Return Mission 313-340 2022年
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Hayabusa2 Asteroid Sample Return Mission 341-357 2022年
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Hayabusa2 Asteroid Sample Return Mission 113-136 2022年
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Hayabusa2 Asteroid Sample Return Mission 189-208 2022年
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Hayabusa2 Asteroid Sample Return Mission 241-257 2022年
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Hayabusa2 Asteroid Sample Return Mission 259-289 2022年
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Hayabusa2 Asteroid Sample Return Mission 509-539 2022年
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Nature communications 12(1) 5837-5837 2021年10月5日Ryugu is a carbonaceous rubble-pile asteroid visited by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. Small rubble pile asteroids record the thermal evolution of their much larger parent bodies. However, recent space weathering and/or solar heating create ambiguities between the uppermost layer observable by remote-sensing and the pristine material from the parent body. Hayabusa2 remote-sensing observations find that on the asteroid (162173) Ryugu both north and south pole regions preserve the material least processed by space weathering, which is spectrally blue carbonaceous chondritic material with a 0-3% deep 0.7-µm band absorption, indicative of Fe-bearing phyllosilicates. Here we report that spectrally blue Ryugu's parent body experienced intensive aqueous alteration and subsequent thermal metamorphism at 570-670 K (300-400 °C), suggesting that Ryugu's parent body was heated by radioactive decay of short-lived radionuclides possibly because of its early formation 2-2.5 Ma. The samples being brought to Earth by Hayabusa2 will give us our first insights into this epoch in solar system history.
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JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS 2021年10月
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Planetary and Space Science 205 105288-105288 2021年10月
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Nature Astronomy 5(8) 766-774 2021年8月
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Advances in Space Research 68(8) 3093-3140 2021年8月
MISC
284主要な書籍等出版物
11-
2024年6月 (ISBN: 9788962622812)NHK出版 「はやぶさ2 最強ミッションの真実」の韓国語訳
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2022年4月 (ISBN: 9780323997317)
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主要な講演・口頭発表等
64-
6th IEEE Electron Devices Technology and Manufacturing Conference (EDTM) 2022年3月7日 The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 招待有り
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72nd International Astronautical Congress 2021年10月28日 International Astronautical Federation 招待有り
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72nd International Astronautical Congress 2021年10月28日 Inetrnational Astronautical FederationIAC-21-A3.4.A.1
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18th International Planetary Probe Workshop 2021年6月17日 招待有り
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Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS) 2021年4月23日 招待有り
所属学協会
4共同研究・競争的資金等の研究課題
7-
日本学術振興会 科学研究費助成事業 基盤研究(B) 2022年4月 - 2025年3月
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日本学術振興会 科学研究費助成事業 基盤研究(B) 2018年4月 - 2022年3月
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日本学術振興会 科学研究費助成事業 基盤研究(B) 2014年4月 - 2018年3月
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日本学術振興会 科学研究費助成事業 基盤研究(C) 2011年 - 2013年
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日本学術振興会 科学研究費助成事業 若手研究(B) 2009年 - 2010年