林 潤一郎

This study investigated the problem-solving process using distraction in interpersonal stress situations among undergraduates. Undergraduate participants (N=223) were instructed to recall a recent personal experience of being depressed by an interpersonal stressor, and then completed a questionnaire which measured concentration on distraction, positive mood, problem-solving behavior, distraction frequency, rumination, and knowledge of effective activity. The results of path analysis suggested that concentration enhanced problem-solving through increasing positive mood as previous study. Knowledge of effective activity was an important key to enhance the effect of distraction on problem-solving through enhancing the frequency of distraction and reducing rumination.

This study investigated the problem-solving process using distraction in interpersonal stress situations among undergraduates. Undergraduate participants (N=223) were instructed to recall a recent personal experience of being depressed by an interpersonal stressor, and then completed a questionnaire which measured concentration on distraction, positive mood, problem-solving behavior, distraction frequency, rumination, and knowledge of effective activity. The results of path analysis suggested that concentration enhanced problem-solving through increasing positive mood as previous study. Knowledge of effective activity was an important key to enhance the effect of distraction on problem-solving through enhancing the frequency of distraction and reducing rumination.

This study investigated effects of distraction in problem solving situations. University undergraduates (N=258) were instructed to remember their recent experience of being depressed about academic achievement, and then they completed a questionnaire which measured their concentration on distraction, positive mood, problem solving behavior, negative rumination, and knowledge of effective activity. The results of path analysis indicated that concentration on distraction enhanced problem solving by facilitating positive mood. Knowledge of effective activity enhanced problem solving, while negative rumination impaired problem solving because it negatively affected concentration on distraction.

The present study developed and evaluated the Automatic Thoughts List following Dilatory Behavior (ATL-DB) to explore the mediation hypothesis and the content-specificity hypothesis about the automatic thoughts with trait procrastination and emotions. In Study 1, data from 113 Japanese college students were used to choose 22 items to construct the ATL-DB. Two factors were indentified, I. Criticism of Self and Behavior, II. Difficulty in Achievement. These factors had high degrees of internal consistency and had positive correlations to trait procrastination. In Study 2, the relationships among trait procrastination, the automatic thoughts, depression, and anxiety were examined in 261 college students by using Structural Equation Modeling. The results showed that the influence of trait procrastination on depression was mainly mediated through Criticism of Self and Behavior only, while the influence of trait procrastination to anxiety was mediated through Criticism of Self and Behavior and Difficulty in Achievement. Therefore, the mediation hypothesis was supported and the content-specificity hypothesis was partially supported.

The purpose of this study was to develop Japanese version of General Procrastination Scale (J-GPS) and to examine its reliability and validity. In Study 1, data obtained from 174 undergraduates were analyzed. Results showed sufficient internal consistency, factorial and concurrent validity with another procrastination scale. In Study 2, further data were obtained from 77 undergraduates. These data were analyzed to examine concurrent validity in terms of clinical and behavioral scales. Results indicated that J-GPS had a positive correlation with depression, anxiety, and actual procrastinatory behavior. These findings provided sufficient support for reliability and validity of J-GPS.