Scientific Study of Literature 8(2) 239-260 2019年6月 査読有り
Abstract
This study investigated the relationship between individual differences in narrative transportation and attitude robustness. A total of 840 respondents participated in a web survey. In the first phase of the survey, respondents indicated their attitudes toward social issues after reading supporting or opposing texts with narrative and persuasive messages. After two weeks, the same participants read another text expressing the opposite perspective on the same issue, and again indicated their attitudes. Attitude robustness (i.e., degree of change in attitude between phases) was significantly predicted by transportability and mediated by transportation-related concepts of situational involvement. Additionally, whereas situational involvement with narrative text was predicted by transportability, situational involvement with persuasive text was consistently predicted by self-involvement with the issues. Implications of the findings for narrative transportation and persuasion research and limitations of the study are discussed.
We investigated whether we could spontaneously (i.e. without effort) infer other person's emotional state from his/her situational information, using the verbal recognition confirmation task. Participants first listened to verbal descriptions of a situation that induced irritation or anxiety, but the descriptions did not include emotional words. Then, participants were shown a series of written descriptions with congruent or incongruent emotional mimetic words. They responded if the descriptions were identical to the ones that they heard. As expected, the situational descriptions that included congruent emotional words were falsely confirmed as identical to the ones that they heard, whereas descriptions with incongruent words were not. However, the same result was observed under the condition of descriptions that included emotional words at the listening phase. Therefore it is suggested that the procedure of the experiment should be improved in order to reject the alternate interpretation.
本研究では、高齢者の登場する物語への接触が高齢者に対する潜在的な偏見に及ぼす影響を検討した。態度には自己報告で測定する顕在的な態度と、意識的なコントロールが困難な潜在的な態度がある。物語説得においては、物語の説得的影響について気づいた場合意識的なコントロールが行使され、自己報告の態度では態度変化が測定できない可能性がある。そこで潜在連合テスト(Implicit Association Test: IAT)を用いた態度測定が行われた。参加者は昔話を読む前と読んだ後の二時点でエイジズムIATに取り組んだ。参加者の半数が読んだ昔話では高齢者が主人公として登場し(関連物語条件)、残りの参加者が読んだ昔話では高齢者が登場しなかった(統制条件)。物語接触後には高齢者に対する顕在的な態度も測定した。その結果、物語接触前の時点で関連物語条件の参加者には潜在的なエイジズムが見られたが、統制条件では見られなかった。また、関連物語条件における高齢者に対する潜在的な偏見は物語接触後には弱まったが、統制条件では物語接触後にむしろ偏見が強まった。顕在的な偏見は物語の影響を受けなかった。これらの結果が実験で用いた物語の内容との関連から論じられた。