Rémy Belmonte, Yuya Higashikawa, Naoki Katoh, Yoshio Okamoto
2015年3月10日
A dynamic network ${\cal N} = (G,c,\tau,S)$ where $G=(V,E)$ is a graph,<br />
integers $\tau(e)$ and $c(e)$ represent, for each edge $e\in E$, the time<br />
required to traverse edge $e$ and its nonnegative capacity, and the set<br />
$S\subseteq V$ is a set of sources. In the $k$-{\sc Sink Location} problem, one<br />
is given as input a dynamic network ${\cal N}$ where every source $u\in S$ is<br />
given a nonnegative supply value $\sigma(u)$. The task is then to find a set of<br />
sinks $X = \{x_1,\ldots,x_k\}$ in $G$ that minimizes the routing time of all<br />
supply to $X$. Note that, in the case where $G$ is an undirected graph, the<br />
optimal position of the sinks in $X$ needs not be at vertices, and can be<br />
located along edges. Hoppe and Tardos showed that, given an instance of<br />
$k$-{\sc Sink Location} and a set of $k$ vertices $X\subseteq V$, one can find<br />
an optimal routing scheme of all the supply in $G$ to $X$ in polynomial time,<br />
in the case where graph $G$ is directed. Note that when $G$ is directed, this<br />
suffices to obtain polynomial-time solvability of the $k$-{\sc Sink Location}<br />
problem, since any optimal position will be located at vertices of $G$.<br />
However, the computational complexity of the $k$-{\sc Sink Location} problem on<br />
general undirected graphs is still open. In this paper, we show that the<br />
$k$-{\sc Sink Location} problem admits a fully polynomial-time approximation<br />
scheme (FPTAS) for every fixed $k$, and that the problem is $W[1]$-hard when<br />
parameterized by $k$.