Many scholars have currently argued that the tort law in the U. S. is in a serious trouble. Legislators responded promptly to this crisis by enacting various types of tort reform acts, most of which aimed to give disincentives to bring lawsuits. A recent survey by a Harvard research group on New York state medical malpractice clearly shows, however, that the dysfunction of tort system has left many victims of medical accidents without any relief, which problem should have been resolved by tort reforms.