曽我 芳枝

Understanding the current status and long-term changes of the physique and physical fitness of students is very important for the establishment of physical education programs. Therefore， in the present study， we aimed to investigate the physique and physical fitness of female university students.The results of the physical fitness tests conducted at Tokyo Woman's Christian University from 1968 to 2014 were analyzed. In the physical fitness tests， standing height， body weight， side step， vertical jump， back strength， grip strength， trunk extension， standing trunk flexion， and 5-minute distance run were assessed.The results showed that compared with those for 1968， the current measurements of standing height and body weight as physique indexes were increased. With regard to physical fitness， the current female students of Tokyo Woman's Christian University showed a tendency to be weaker in terms of muscle strength， flexibility， and endurance than women of the same age group in previous years. The physical fitness of the current students weakened with the increases in the values of the physique indexes. Moreover， weakening of the strength of the muscles that support the growing body is considered as a major problem. In order to control the decreasing tendency of the physical fitness of female university students， the importance of maintenance and enhancement of physical fitness should be recognized. In addition， exercises that are suitable for the needs of each individual should be determined， as well as the correct method of performing them， in order for the individual to acquire the ability to practice these exercises proactively.大学生の体格や体力の現状や経年変化の把握は，体育指導や学生の健康維持増進のためのカリキュラムを考える際の基礎資料となり，大変重要である．そこで本研究では東京女子大学の学生を対象に，体格・体力の現状及び経年変化の分析を行った．東京女子大学において実施された体力診断テストの1968年度から2014年度までの結果を分析対象とした．体力診断テストでは身長，体重，反復横跳び，垂直跳び，背筋力，握力，伏臥上体そらし，立位体前屈，5分間走の測定が行われた．その結果，近年，体格は身長・体重ともに1968年度に比べて向上していることが示された．体力は筋力，柔軟性，持久力のいずれも1968年度に比べて低い傾向が示された．体格は向上しているにもかかわらず，大きくなった体を支えるべき筋力が低下していることは憂慮される．女子大学生の体力の向上のためには，体力の維持増進の重要性を認識し，生涯を視野に入れて自分に必要な運動とその正しい実施方法を理解し，主体的に実践していく力を各々が身に着けていく必要があると思われる．