小山 総市朗

Background/Objectives: Advanced age in Parkinson's disease (PD) is linked to worse motor function, more severe symptoms, and impaired activities of daily living (ADLs). Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT)® BIG may be suitable for older patients, as it can be adapted to individual abilities. This study evaluated whether age affects the effectiveness of LSVT® BIG on gait speed, motor symptoms, ADLs, and quality of life (QoL) in PD. Methods: In this retrospective, single-center cohort study, 22 patients with PD were divided into an older group (≥65 years; n = 16) and a younger group (<65 years; n = 6). All participants completed 16 one-hour, face-to-face LSVT® BIG sessions. Gait speed was assessed with the 10-m walk test; motor symptoms with Movement Disorders Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) Part III; ADLs with MDS-UPDRS Part II; and QoL with the Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire-39 Summary Index. Two-way mixed-design analysis of variance with aligned rank transformation was used for statistical analysis. Results: Significant improvements were observed for all outcomes (gait speed, motor symptoms, ADLs, and QoL) after the intervention. A significant effect of age group was found for gait speed, with younger patients walking faster overall. No significant interaction between timepoint and group was observed for any measure. Conclusions: LSVT® BIG appears to improve gait speed, motor symptoms, ADLs, and QoL in patients with PD, regardless of age, suggesting it is an effective intervention for both older and younger patients.

【目的】本研究は、ダンボールベッドの体圧分散に関する研究を調査し、これまでの知見と課題を特定することを目的とした。 【方法】PubMedおよび医中誌Webを用いて、2024年12月31日までに英語または日本語で出版された文献を検索した。各研究から、対象者、測定機器、測定部位、測定条件、結果を抽出した。 【結果】合計6件の研究を対象とした。対象者は健常成人または代替モデルであった。研究間で測定機器、測定部位、測定条件は異なった。ダンボールベッドは、仙骨部・全身の圧が他の寝具より高く体圧分散性の低下が報告された。 【結論】ダンボールベッド上では体圧が集中しやすく、除圧素材の併用が推奨される。今後は、測定指標の標準化ならびに高リスク群を対象とした研究が求められる。