高橋 和枝

<b>Objective.</b> The objective of this research is to analyze the environmental impact of printed matter using rice ink with the consideration of the impact of land use change and using reclaimed vegetable oil based on LCA method.<BR><b>Method.</b> Several scenarios changing the raw materials (soy oil, recycled oil, rice bran) have prepared and evaluated environmental impacts of printed matter. 1000 print for A4 size paper was adopted as functional unit. System boundary in this study covered manufacturing raw materials, mixture, making ink, pulp production, printing and transportation. Recycling paper and disposal of used paper were excluded from the scope. Primary data was collected for the process of making ink in this study. Impact assessment was also applied as well as inventory analysis. Damage assessment and weighting were applied so that potential environmental impacts of several impact categories can be compared. LIME2 was adopted to carry out LCIA. <BR><b>Results and Discussion.</b> A LCA of printed matter using soy ink and rice ink was carried out by using MiLCA software. With regard to the result of LCA for paper with ink, environmental impact of paper occupied the almost of total regardless of the types of ink. When we compared the environmental impacts between the inks, we found that environmental impact of rice ink was smaller than that of the other types of inks. Impact of land use for rice ink was smaller than the others, because allocated area for cultivating rice bran (co-product of polished rice) was estimated smaller. Furthermore, the use of reclaimed oil enables to decrease of land use impacts. On the other hand, environmental impact of soy ink is almost equal with that of conventional ink, because the land use area for cultivating soy beans are higher than that rice bran.<BR><b>Conclusions.</b> Using reclaimed oil and co-products for raw material are key points for the reduction of environmental impacts of inks. We found that rice oil taking the both advantages make possible to reduce environmental impacts to ecosystem.

2010年10月に名古屋で生物多様性条約第10回締約国会議（COP10）が開催され、生物多様性の損失要因に森林伐採等の自然環境の破壊や汚染が挙げられた。紙の主原料のパルプは森林を伐採して作られるため、環境負荷の中でも「生物多様性」や「一次生産」への影響が懸念されている。本研究では広く普及している紙製品として、約9800万部発行されている電話帳の評価を行い、「生物多様性」と「一次生産」の影響を定量的に算出した。

携帯電話、携帯音楽プレーヤーといった小型電子機器に含まれる貴金属、レアメタルを対象に、製品の資源使用量、及び使用済み製品中の資源蓄積量の推計を行うことにより、日本における動的マテリアルフロー分析を行った結果を発表する。また、その分析をもとにして、複数の製品の機能を1つの製品に集約することによる、資源消費の削減効果についての評価を発表する。