赤澤 宏樹

<p>In this study, we will understand the actual situation of street trees maintenance management systems in local governments in Japan and the development status of street trees maintenance management plans and management guidelines. Next, this study was to understand the current state of the street trees maintenance management system and its impact, and to investigate the problems of citizen's participation in street trees maintenance management. As a result, street trees maintenance work is mainly done in the civil engineering road sector. In large local governments, staff specializes in landscaping, while in small local governments, it's mainly civil engineering. In addition, most street trees management methods are outsourced by contractors, with less than half direct management by staff. The policy to maintain street trees is positioned in many local government green master plans. Since 2015, local governments have developed conservation plans for street trees and are working on sound conservation. Since the 2000s, local governments have been working on maintenance management systems with the participation of residents. Most of them are road beautification activities based on adaptive systems. In the future, the challenge will be to further expand the system and raise citizen's interest and value perception.</p>

<p>This study aims to discuss the psychological process how the evaluation and perception of residential area or neighborhood parks were connected with the formation of attachment to residential area through neighborhood parks. Concretely, the structural equation modeling was conducted based on the results of questionnaire surveys for the residents in new town. In addition, this study targeted two areas with different resident's activities, "Suzaku area" and "Sakyo area" in new town where the site of "Basic Parks for Community Use" is planned because the relationship between "evaluation and perception of residential area or neighborhood parks" and "attachment to residential area" is discussed limited to the park. As a result, the following findings were obtained; 1) in both areas, "attachment to residential area" is influenced "attachment to neighborhood parks." And, the positive "evaluation of neighborhood park environment" and "involvement through participation into neighborhood park activities" encourages "attachment to residential area" through "evaluation of residential environment," "involvement through participation into residential activities" and "attachment to neighborhood parks." 2) The difference is revealed that "attachment to residential area" and "attachment to neighborhood parks" have influence on each other only in "Suzaku area" which residents pursue activities.</p>

本研究では，小規模集落化した旧鉱山まちである兵庫県養父市大屋町明延区を対象に，景観の継承課題を明らかとした。まず，まちの最盛期における建物配置と景観形成要素の残存状況により，歴史ある村の街並みや，川沿いにはり付く住宅群，鉱山社宅群などが継承された景観として重要であることが示された。次に景観資源に対するアンケートの結果，居住者と地域外の主体では，鉱山施設や街並みを残したい重要度の認識に差が生じたことが示された。さらに，空き家の分布調査より街並みや社宅群が危機的な状況といえ，地区ごとの特性に応じた活用方策が考察された。

本研究は，沿道住民の地域や街路樹に対する意識を把握し，そこから街路樹の維持管理への参加意欲に影響する要因の構造を，沿道住民へのアンケート調査結果を用いた共分散構造分析によって探った。その結果，『地域の価値認識』の意識が高まると『街路樹の価値認識』に対する意識も同時に高まり，互いに影響を及ぼし合いながら正の強い影響を与え合うことがわかった。『街路樹の維持管理への参加意欲』は，『街路樹の価値認識』に強く影響を受け，『街路樹の価値認識』は，『街路樹の課題認識』に及ぼす影響が弱く，『街路樹の管理状態に対する評価意識』，『街路樹の果たす役割に対する認識』に強く影響を及ぼす構造であることがわかった。

<p><tt>東大阪市の街路樹における市民要望と空間的・環境的要因の関係性について，市民要望が多い22 路線の分析を通じて把握した。その結果，都市部における街路樹の維持管理に関して，「①住居系地区では，良好な居住環境のために樹種特性に即した維持管理を行う。②住商混合地区では，多い大型車両や歩行者に配慮し，見通し確保や落ち葉清掃，殺虫など計画な維持管理を行う。③住工混合地区では，制約が最も大きく車両の見通しに配慮した低木の維持管理を行う。」知見を得た。</tt> </p>

<p>It is important to analyze streetscape because the street becomes the place where the pedestrian experience townscape. In this study, we investigated how to see landscape resources on typical streets by focusing on sequential landscape in the old castle town in Sanda City, Hyogo. We took pictures of the streetscape every 15m, and grasped having landscape resources or not in the photograph. Based on this result, we extracted typical scene landscapes on the streets, and specified 13 important areas where landscape resources are seen characteristically by analysis of sequentiality of scene landscape and road shape. In important areas, road shape such as a curve or a slope affected how to see landscape resources, and created characteristic sequential landscape. It is suggested that extracting of important areas enables showing the place where should be worked on landscape planning as priority, and the basis of guidelines for landscape planning of old castle town.</p>

<p>In this study, we investigated the relation between a distribution of landscape resources and the residents' recognition in the old castle town in Sanda City, Hyogo. We divided a study area with 3 areas; old residential area, merchant's houses area and teramachi area by the land use of the early modern times and current. And we picked up 295 landscape resources by the field survey. At the result, there was difference in the distribution of green spaces and historical buildings between 3 areas. At the results of the questionnaire survey to residents while they strolling through the town and taking a workshop for the landscape of the study area, there were 124 recognition points. And 46% of recognition points didn't correspond to landscape resources. In addition, there were difference in the recognition types between 6 spots where recognition points were concentrated, such as the nostalgic type appeared in the park and water-way and the symbolic types appeared in the street with historic buildings. These results suggested that the importance of considering the landscape planning for 6 model spots of 3 areas in the old castle town.</p>

Many citizen's demands on roadside trees make unplanned prunes and a change for the worse landscape. In this study we analyzed a citizen's demands on maintaining roadside trees in Higashiosaka City. To use a method of analysis on administrative operations, we utilize a text data of citizen's demands on maintaining roadside trees that Higashiosaka City government has, and use simple text mining tool. As a result of analysis, we have showed that text mining tool can grasp relations between various citizen's demands visually, and extracted important words and clusters. And as a result of classification of administrative responses, we have confirmed a germinations of public-private partnership and potentials of reflection to maintenance plan of roadside trees. From the above results, we examined that 1) text mining valid for grasping the citizen's demands of roadside trees, 2) the department of maintaining roadside tree must have a mid and long-term maintenance plan and authorized role-sharing with residents.

The developments of reclaimed farmlands were performed actively in Osaka in the Edo era. As a result the vast lands, which amounts to more than 20,000 ha, were produced, and it was happened to exert a great influence on urban development in the last part of the Meiji era. Because they were the reclamation of the shallow water and also, were under development by private capital that was called "Chonin Ukeoi Shinden", reclaimed farmlands contracted by the trading class, the circumstances may be quite different from those of the inland rural areas. It is important to know how the settlement formation there was from the point of view of understanding the characteristics of urbanization in Osaka, but the reality is not well known. Its features and circumstances of settlement formation in the coastal area of development of new farmlands in the early Meiji era, we tried to reveal through comparison with the inland rural areas. The results of the study based on the historical data and maps, are as follows: there were the villages with no settlements, and without any shrines or temples having close ties with colonization in the coastal area, unlike the inland rural area.

The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of "the Forest of the 21st Century in Amagasaki Project" to urban greenery by Public - Private Partnerships. Massive roadside greenery on some heavy and chemical factories had been achieved by new ordinance of Amagasaki City and subsidy program of Hyogo Pref. And very small space greenery "Sukima Ryokka" in small and medium size factory which don't have greenery obligation in a plant location law had been achieved by support from citizen groups. "The Forest of the 21st Century in Amagasaki Project" is long term vision of urban regeneration, and have been lead a Public - Private Partnerships. Although these outcomes are random order, vision of this project has applied to many stakeholder's plans and activities. This paper describes that a planning theory by vision and network is effective in large scale project, especially Public - Private Partnerships type. On the other hand, some problems and importance are clarified. In each project driving, share of purpose during many stakeholders are required and results of activities must be transfer to stakeholders and citizens. In next stage of this project, opportunities for wider participation are necessary.

本研究では，兵庫県佐用町の13の協議会を対象に，協議会による地域自治の段階性について研究した。各協議会の地域自治の段階を，計画書に記載された事業と活動実態における実施事業から明らかとした。その結果，計画書に比べて活動実態では，地域自治の段階に協議会間で顕著な差がみられた。また，各協議会のセンター長へのヒアリング調査の結果，一律の組織設立に地域が適応できなかったことや，支援体制がうまく機能していなかったことなどにより，協議会間の差が生じた可能性が考えられ，各協議会が目指すべき方向性や，各段階に応じた支援のあり方について考察がなされた。

This study aims to consider the change in value cognition of tree of city and clarify the species and the location of valuable trees in case of Osaka from the Edo Period to the present day. The sources to obtain data necessary for analyzing what the valuable trees were like are the lists of them contained in some publications focusing on famous tree in the Edo Period, the pre-modern age, and protected trees and giant trees in the modern age and the present day. The analyses of the lists made it clear that the value of tree of city was placed on object of appreciation in the pre-modern age and object of conservation as natural treasure after the modern age, and is placed on symbol of nature in the recent day, that the most valuable trees were changed from pine and cherry tree in the pre-modern age to camphor tree after the modern age, and that it has been unchanged shrines and temples are the major location for valuable tree all the time since the Edo Period.

Department of park and green of Hyogo Prefecture had settled on a regenerating plan of Nishimuko Park form 2002 to 2004. To promote this regenerating plan, park management council was organized with civic groups, and has shouldered a part of park management. We have taken a part in management of this council, and have studied about process of changing organization and activities of this council. As the result, it was effective for management of district parks to make a park management plan which set a middle or long-term policy of the park and community-based council which is organized with civic groups. Park management plan will make common prospects of the park, so civic groups will have autonomous and continuous activities in a park and be able to invite other civic groups to join a community-based council. And community-based council will be consistent with public use and community use in a district park, activation of park service and attraction making of the district.

兵庫県立西武庫公園では，平成14年より再生計画の策定作業を行い，その過程で主に近隣住民から構成される団体を中心に管理運営協議会を立ち上げ，パークマネジメントの一部を担ってきた。 本研究の結果，このコミュニティ型協議会は周辺地区との協働を通して，_丸1_公園利用の活性化，_丸2_ネットワークの拡大において大きな役割を果たしてきたことがわかった。一方で，隣接する西武庫団地の更新に伴い，協議会の新たなネットワークの構築の必要性が増し，構成団体を広く公募するなど非コミュニティ型の取り組みも求められていることが明らかとなった。

From 2006 to 2009, in the Akashi Kaikyo National Government Park, Kobe,we considered the validity and effectiveness of the citizen participation and the possibility of the social capital formation through the action research which experimented with some park operations before the park would open. As the result, it was effective for the social capital formation to promote opportunities for civic organizational operations to be involved in various participations. For the use of the park, it led to the revitalization of the motivation which influenced on the quality of activities that it combi...

In this study, which focused on the Yume Program (consisting of self-planning/operating programs) operated by thirty citizens groups which take place in the Arimafuji Park, Hyogo Prefecyure, a survey and analysis were conducted concerning characteristics of the citizens groups and the programs, as well as the contents of their activities, which the group representatives find important and satisfactory, for continuation of their activities. The study showed that the following factors are essential in order to continue such activities ; the sense of purpose developed in many of the citizens g...

兵庫県の南芦屋浜団地において,緑化活動グループの会合の記録から参加者の意見の類型化を行い,コミュニティ形成に寄与する活動支援のあり方について考察した。その結果,緑化活動を通したコミュニティ形成には,土や緑などの自然的要素から日常生活や近隣関係などの生活的要素に活動を展開するプロセスが重要であり,これに寄与する活動支援の方策として,(1)自然的要素に関する私的な活動への支援の有効性,(2)参画型の支援形態によるプロセス構築の有効性,が明らかとなった。

兵庫県の南芦屋浜団地においてアンケート調査を実施し,入居前の緑化活動への参加から現在の緑化活動によるコミュニティ形成に至る構造について,共分散構造分析により解析を行った。その結果,高齢者において緑化活動によるコミュニティ形成が強く認められ,その傾向は活動の場が公的なものに移行するにつれて強くなることがわかった。また,楽農講座からは活動からの直接のつながりだけでなく活動による知りあいの発生からも,入居後の公的空間での緑化活動へのつながりが認められた。以上の結果から,高齢者のコミュニティ形成に対する公的空間での緑化活動の有効性と,それを補う媒介イベントの必要性を論じた。