山本 聡

生物多様性保全のためには園芸的に利用される外来種も含め，植物種の特定が重要である。しかし，緑化や園芸，学術の各分野において同一植物を異なる通称名で呼ぶなど植物種の把握に障害となる場合がある。ここでは，それら通称名の分野間の整合を図るため，植物種名の対応表を作成した。作成に当たっては，保全上の観点から帰化植物図鑑に記載されている植物種を中心とした。

Several research methods are available for landscape assessment and conservation in enclosed landscapes, with which we interact constantly in our daily lives.The extraction of landscape elements in enclosed landscapes, however, is considered to be more difficult than in panoramic landscapes. This study examined several research methods using various materials,question survey and field survey. These databases were constructed by using geographic information system (GIS) and global positioning system (GPS). The landscape elements database measured straight line distances between roads and landscape elements, and property line of administration field and landscape elements. The land use has been determined from the position of the landscape elements. According to results, about 70% of the land use was consisted of landscape elements from the road within 25m. When the landscape elements were extracted, this was able to be shown as one technique.The result suggests when the landscape elements were extracted, GIS becomes one technique to simplify the methods.

The rapidly aging society in recent years has been accelerating the shortage of workforce in primary industries. Consequently, agricultural landscapes, which used to be maintained by those industries, have also been undergoing a remarkable change. Agricultural landscapes, however, are one of the principal elements featuring the locality, and therefore should be taken as indispensable nowadays when local characteristics are made much of. Among agricultural landscapes, this study focused on grasslands, extracting some visual landscape components that people can recognize, aimed at providing fundamental materials in discussing effective measures for preserving local landscapes. The study showed that people have been aware of changes in grassland state due to seasonal transition or farming, viewing the presence of animals such as cattle as important in pasture landscapes. And the person who does not know the stock raising industry is higher than the person who knows at the evaluation of rural landscape scenery for example pasture. The possibility to improve the evaluation of them was suggested; how to showing these elements in rural landscapes; who sees the scenery?

The purpose of this study aimed to clarify the peculiarity to which they were passed for the rice field part and the terraced paddy field scenery among the rural area scenery. The aspect of the research is a visual recognition characteristic of the spectacle. Using the eye movement analysis elucidates the evaluation structure of man who evaluates the terraced paddy field scenery. And aimed to propose the new management technique turned to the maintenance of the terraced paddy field spectacle. As a result, the evaluation structure of the spectacle is different depending on the distance. The entire scenery becomes important in the distant view. The material such as flowers becomes important in the near view. It seems that the difference of the material do not influence the evaluation in the distant view.

本研究は,都市における存在形態の異なる緑地(古墳)を対象に,周辺居住者の意識調査を通じて,居住環境形成に係る緑地の存在効果を明らかにすることを目的とした。その結果,緑地の存在効果に対する評価は,自然供給効果に対する評価が高く,次いでアメニティ効果となっており,しかもこれらの効果圏域は広い。一方,微気象調節効果のうち夏の微気象調節効果や騒音軽減効果に対する評価は高いものの,その効果圏域は狭く,他の微気象調節効果はほとんど評価されていない。また,可視状況や接触頻度も緑地の存在効果に影響を及ぼし,緑地が見え,接触頻度が高いほど,存在効果に対する評価が高くなることが明らかとなった。